Jakarta TimeThis article is about the year. For the film, see 2012 (film). For other uses, see 2012 (disambiguation).
| Century: | 20th century - 21st century - 22nd century |
| Decade: | 1980s 1990s 2000s - 2010s - 2020s 2030s 2040s |
| Year: | 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 - 2012 - 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 |
| Gregorian calendar | 2012 MMXII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2764 |
| Armenian calendar | 1461 ԹՎ ՌՆԿԱ |
| Bahá'í calendar | 168 – 169 |
| Bengali calendar | 1419 |
| Berber calendar | 2962 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2556 |
| Burmese calendar | 1374 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7520 – 7521 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛卯年十二月初八日 (4648/4708-12-8) — to — 壬辰年十一月十九日(4649/4709-11-19) |
| Coptic calendar | 1728 – 1729 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 2004 – 2005 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5772 – 5773 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Bikram Samwat | 2068 – 2069 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1934 – 1935 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5113 – 5114 |
| Holocene calendar | 12012 |
| Iranian calendar | 1390 – 1391 |
| Islamic calendar | 1433 – 1434 |
| Japanese calendar | Heisei 24 (平成24年) |
| Korean calendar | 4345 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2555 |
| Unix time | 1325376000 – 1356998399 |
2012 (MMXII) will be a leap year starting on a Sunday. In the Gregorian calendar, it will be the 2012th year of the Common Era, or of Anno Domini; the 12th year of the3rd millennium and of the 21st century; and the 3rd of the 2010s decade.
It has been designated Alan Turing Year, commemorating the mathematician, computer pioneer, and code-breaker on the centennial of Turing's birth.[1]
There are a variety of popular beliefs about the year 2012. These beliefs range from the spiritually transformative to the apocalyptic, and center upon various interpretations of the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar. Contemporary scientistshave disputed the apocalyptic versions.[2]
Contents[hide] |
Predicted and scheduled events
January
- January 13–22 – The first Winter Youth Olympics will be held in Innsbruck, Austria.
- January 31 – 433 Eros, the second-largest Near Earth Object on record (size 13×13×33 km) will pass Earth at 0.1790 astronomical units (26,778,019 km; 16,639,090 mi). NASA studied Eros with the NEAR Shoemaker probe launched on February 17, 1996.[3]
February
- February 6 – Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II marking the 60th anniversary of her accession to the Thrones of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia & New Zealand (as well as the 60th anniversary of her becoming Head of the Commonwealth).
April
- April 1 - The 1940 United States Census will be available for public viewing.
- April 17 – The United States will cede wartime control of the military of the Republic of Korea after 50 years and dissolve the Combined Forces Command. Two distinct military commands (South Korea and the United States) will operate in Korea during wartime, rather than one unified command under the Combined Forces Command.[citation needed]
May
- 12 May – 12 August – The 2012 World Expo is to be held in Yeosu, South Korea.
- May 20 - Annular solar eclipse. Path of annularity runs through the Pacific Ocean from northernChina to California.
June
- June 6 – The second and last solar transit of Venus of the century. The next pair is predicted to occur in 2117 and 2125.
- June 18 – June 23 – Turing Centenary Conference at the University of Cambridge, in honor of the mathematician, computer scientist, and cryptographer Alan Turing, the last day of the conference being the hundredth anniversary of his birth.[4]
July
- July 18–21 – The 2012 World Rowing Championships will be held at Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
- July 27 – Opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics begins in London at 19:30 UTC, 20:30 BST.[5]
August
- August 12 – Closing ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
- August 29 – Opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Paralympics begins in London.[5]
September
- September 9 – Closing ceremony of the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London.
November
- November 13 - Total solar eclipse (visible in northern Australia and the South Pacific).
December
- December 21 – 11:12 UTC. Winter Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, Summer Solstice in the Southern Hemisphere.[6]
- December 21 – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, notably used by the pre-ColumbianMaya civilization among others, completes a "great cycle" of thirteen b'ak'tuns (periods of 144,000 days each) since the mythical creation date of the calendar's current era.
- December 31 – The first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ends.
Unknown dates
- China will launch the Kuafu spacecraft.
- Pleiades, a proposed super computer built by Intel and SGI for NASA's Ames Research Center, will be completed, reaching a peak performance of 10 Petaflops (10 quadrillion floating point operations per second).[7]
- Sequoia, a proposed super computer built by IBM for the National Nuclear Security Administration will be completed, reaching a peak performance of 20 Petaflops.[8]
- On the sun, the solar maximum of Solar Cycle 24 in the 11-year sunspot cycle is forecast to occur. Solar Cycle 24 is regarded to have commenced January 2008, and on average will reach its peak of maximal sunspot activity around 2012. The period between successive solar maxima averages 11 years (the Schwabe cycle), and the previous solar maximum of Solar Cycle 23 occurred in 2000–2002.[9] During the solar maximum the sun's magnetic poles will reverse.[10]
- The Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railroad across the Caucasus is scheduled to be completed sometime in 2012. [11]
2012 in fiction
Main article: 2012 in fiction
Major religious holidays
- January 7 – Christmas Day by Julian Calendar (Celebrated by Eastern Orthodox Christians)
- February 1 – Imbolc, a Cross-quarter day (Celebrated on February 2 in some places)
- February 5 – Mawlid an Nabi – Islam
- February 22 - Ash Wednesday - Western Christianity
- March 8 – Purim – Judaism
- March 8 – Holi – Hinduism
- March 20 – Spring Equinox, Persian New Year (Nouruz), also known as Ostara
- April 1 – Ramanavami – Hinduism
- April 6 – Hanuman Jayanti – Hinduism
- April 7 – Passover – Judaism
- April 8 – Easter – Western Christianity
- April 15 – Easter – Eastern Christianity
- May 1 – Beltane, a Cross-quarter day
- May 27 – Shavuot – Judaism
- June 17 – Lailat al Miraj – Islam
- June 20 – Summer solstice, also known as Midsummer
- July 20 – Ramadan Begins – Islam
- August 1 – Lammas, a Cross-quarter day
- August 2 – Raksha Bandhan – Hinduism
- August 10 – Janmashtami – Hinduism
- August 19 – Eid al Fitr – Islam
- September 17 – Rosh Hashanah – Judaism
- September 21 – Fall Equinox, also known as Mabon
- October 1 – Sukkot – Judaism
- October 2 – Mehregan – Zoroastrianism and Persian Culture
- October 24 – Vijaya Dashami/Dusshera – Hinduism
- October 26 – Eid al-Adha, a religious festival in Islam
- November 1 – Samhain, a Cross-quarter day, Neopagan new year and Christian All Saints' Day
- November 13 – Diwali – Hinduism
- November 15 – Islamic New Year
- December 9 – Hanukkah – Judaism
- December 21 – Winter solstice, also known as Yule
- December 25 – Christmas – Western Christianity
See also
Notes
- ^ "TurningCentenary.eu". Turingcentenary.eu. 2010-04-09. Retrieved 2010-06-02.
- ^ "2012: Beginning of the End or Why the World Won't End?". NASA.
- ^ "Near Earth Object Fact Sheet". Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2010-06-02.
- ^ "Swan.ac.uk". Cs.swan.ac.uk. 2009-07-24. Retrieved 2010-06-02.
- ^ a b "London 2012". London 2012. Retrieved 2010-08-09.
- ^ United States Naval Observatory (2007-01-28). "Earth's Seasons: Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion, 2000-2020".
- ^ "NASA, Intel, SGI Plan to 'Soup Up' Supercomputer". Nas.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2010-06-02.
- ^ Gonsalves, Antone. "IBM Tapped For 20-Petaflop Government Supercomputer". Informationweek.com. Retrieved 2010-06-02.
- ^ Phillips, Tony (10 January 2008). "Solar Cycle 24 Begins". Science@NASA. NASA. Retrieved 2009-04-06.
- ^ "The Sun Does a Flip". Science@NASA. NASA. 15 February 2001. Retrieved 2009-04-06.
- ^ National Geographic, August 2010, page 62.
References
- Finley, Michael (2002). "The Correlation Question". The Real Maya Prophecies: Astronomy in the Inscriptions and Codices. Maya Astronomy. Retrieved 2007-06-04.
- Houston, Stephen D. (1989). Reading the Past: Maya Glyphs. London: British Museum Publications. ISBN 0-7141-8069-6.OCLC 18814390.
- Houston, Stephen D.; Oswaldo Fernando Chinchilla Mazariegos, and David Stuart (eds.) (2001). The Decipherment of Ancient Maya Writing. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3204-3. OCLC 44133070.
- Miller, Mary; and Karl Taube (1993). The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya: An Illustrated Dictionary of Mesoamerican Religion. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05068-6. OCLC 27667317.
- Schele, Linda; and David Freidel (1990). A Forest of Kings: The Untold Story of the Ancient Maya. New York: William Morrow. ISBN 0-688-07456-1. OCLC 21295769.
- Voss, Alexander (2006). "Astronomy and Mathematics". in Nikolai Grube (ed.). Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest. Eva Eggebrecht and Matthias Seidel (assistant eds.). Cologne: Könemann. pp. 130–143. ISBN 3-8331-1957-8. OCLC 71165439.
- Wagner, Elizabeth (2006). "Maya Creation Myths and Cosmography". in Nikolai Grube (ed.). Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest. Eva Eggebrecht and Matthias Seidel (Assistant eds.). Cologne: Könemann. pp. 280–293. ISBN 3-8331-1957-8. OCLC 71165439.
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